Which of the following is a critical role of wetlands?

Wetlands play a vital role in environmental management, particularly in flood control and water storage. They act as natural sponges, absorbing excess rainfall and runoff from surrounding areas, which helps to alleviate the risk of flooding during heavy precipitation events. This capacity for water retention reduces the speed and volume of surface water flow, which can otherwise lead to erosion, property damage, and ecosystem disruption downstream.

Furthermore, wetlands contribute to water quality improvement by filtering pollutants from water as it passes through the soil and vegetation. They provide critical habitats for a diverse array of plant and animal species, which can further enhance the health of local ecosystems. Overall, the function of wetlands in flood control and water storage represents an essential ecosystem service that supports both human communities and biodiversity.