What is a major characteristic of the abyssal zone, which is part of the benthic zone?

The abyssal zone is characterized by extreme depths that typically range from about 2,000 to 6,000 meters (approximately 6,600 to 19,700 feet) below sea level. This vast depth results in very low temperatures, often close to freezing, due to the limited light penetration and the cold water found at such depths. The lack of sunlight also means that photosynthesis is virtually non-existent in this zone, contributing to the cold and dark environment.

The other characteristics mentioned in the other choices do not accurately describe the abyssal zone. For instance, warm temperatures and high light availability are typically found in upper layers of the ocean, where sunlight penetrates. High nutrient levels due to shallow waters are not applicable to the abyssal zone, as it is profoundly deep and generally has lower nutrient levels compared to shallower regions. Lastly, consistent tidal changes are more relevant to coastal areas rather than the deep ocean, where the effects of tides are minimal.