What does the term meniscus refer to in a graduated cylinder?

The term "meniscus" refers to the curvature of the surface of a liquid in a graduated cylinder due to surface tension. When you look at the liquid in the cylinder, it forms a curve at the edges, which can either be concave or convex depending on the liquid and the container material. For most liquids, such as water, the meniscus is concave, meaning it dips in the middle and is higher at the edges. This curvature is important for accurate measurement; the correct way to read the volume in a graduated cylinder is to look at the bottom of the meniscus at eye level. Understanding the meniscus helps ensure precise measurements in scientific experiments.