What characterizes the coastal ocean?

The coastal ocean is characterized by shallower waters that are often rich in nutrients, making it a highly productive environment. This nutrient abundance supports a diverse array of plankton, which includes both phytoplankton (the plant-like organisms that perform photosynthesis) and zooplankton (the small animals that feed on these microscopic plants). The presence of these organisms is crucial as they form the base of the marine food web, supporting larger marine life such as fish, marine mammals, and seabirds.

The shallow nature of the coastal ocean allows sunlight to penetrate, promoting photosynthesis, which further enhances the productivity of the region. Consequently, this area serves as an important habitat for a variety of species and is often a site for fishing and other marine activities due to its abundance of life.