What are buffers in biological systems?

Buffers in biological systems are important because they help maintain a relatively stable pH despite the addition of acids or bases. This is crucial for the proper functioning of enzymes and other biochemical processes that occur within organisms, as many of these processes are sensitive to changes in pH.

The nature of buffers involves weak acids and weak bases. A weak acid can donate protons (H+) when the pH begins to drop, and a weak base can accept protons when the pH starts to rise. This dual capability allows buffers to "resist" significant changes in pH, ensuring that biological functions operate within their optimal ranges.

In contrast, strong acids and bases, as mentioned in other options, would lead to drastic changes in pH, which could disrupt biological processes and lead to physiological problems. Neutral solutions that do not affect pH would also not provide the necessary regulation needed in metabolic reactions where equilibrium and pH stability are key factors.